Online Upload - 743 Words

Health Care Insurance The hospital honors major third-party coverage such as Medicare, Medicaid, Workers Compensation and other public assistance. Your third-party coverage may require prior approval of your hospitalization. Failure to obtain prior approval may result in reduced benefits requiring additional uninsured or personal charges. The admitting office can assist you in obtaining prior approval for your hospitalization. We accept commercial insurance and we participate in most managed care plans. Please provide Registration with all information necessary to bill your insurer, including your subscriber name, number and effective date. Under Medicare law, health care services that can be paid for by Medicare are subject to review†¦show more content†¦* Have you returned books borrowed from the library cart? * Have you provided all the financial information needed to assure proper payment of your bill? Holistic Healing Healing comes in a variety of ways at Jewish Hospital. Beyond the hands of physicians, patients receive healing in the form of art, which is made possible by the hospital’s Holistic Healing Committee. The C.A.R.E. Channel and an artistry gift program, â€Å"Healing Through Art,† are two patient-focused initiatives at The Jewish Hospital. To offer relief from commercial television, noise and other stressful distractions, the C.A.R.E. channel combines nature images and appropriate, uninterrupted music as an environmental tool to enhance and promote healing. The images are produced slowly to be effective for confined patients and to avoid being distracting or confusing for those on high levels of medication. Paced for time of day and night, the programming provides a peaceful starfield for overnight broadcast. The music selection is non-generational, non-regionally-biased and non-commercial and the programming is no additional charge to patients. Another collaboration of healing and art brings Jewish Hospital and the community together to promote wellness. In a program designed to help patients heal, the hospital has contacted local artists to donate prints to those who are hospitalized. When the patient is ready to go home, he or she may take theShow MoreRelated7p in Marketing1521 Words   |  7 Pagesare 88% of Australian women spending in online cosmetics and beauty (Powertail.com.au). Being an online retailer in the Australian cosmetics industry has many advantages. It is convenient for buyers to shop and access to a wider variety of many product lines at the same time. Meanwhile, it is time-saving and also money-saving for the customers rather than buying cosmetics at the local stores. However, due to the increasing numbers of online stores and online retailers, customers are faced with manyRead MoreAmazon Is One Of The Largest Online Retailers In The World.881 Words   |  4 PagesAmazon is one of the largest online retailers in the world. There are very few people who know that Amazon is also a cloud computing company. In the Amazon website, you can find products ranging from toys to food. This online retailer has also developed a variety of consumer electronics like the kindle e-readers, fire tables, fire TV, and its most recent products launching Alexa and Echo. Amazon has a membership program called Prime, which provides some benefits such as discounts on Amazon, moviesRead MoreE Commerce Websites : Things And Consider Before Building Your Online Store Essay1303 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore building your online store. What is E-Commerce? An e-commerce website is simply an online shop which gives people an opportunity to buy things online. Nowadays, most people who have access to the internet have used e-commerce websites at some point. Many of the big retailers around the world have experienced a significant increase in sales after setting up an online store. In 2014 online spending of New Zealanders accounted for 6.3% of total retail sales or $2.9bn (BNZ Online Retail Sales ReportRead MoreZappos, an Electronic Commerce Information System1662 Words   |  7 Pagespeople have changed the way they do things. From ordering movies and food, to shopping for merchandise, more and more customers are resorting to the internet to satisfy their needs. In order to succeed, companies must keep up with growing trends. Online shopping is one of the fastest growing trends nationwide. In order to provide this feature, companies must have the necessary system in place to provide accurate information such as prices, quantities, and s hipping information. One tool many companiesRead MoreEcommerce Website Development Services : Making Money From Your Websites Essay715 Words   |  3 Pagesshops are much higher than operating an online store. So most businesses are now setting up online ecommerce stores. For a successful ecommerce business, one needs an ecommerce website, and inventory and customers. Select a niche for ecommerce website. Also, choose the inventory. One must register the domain name. Hire professional web developers to build a fully functional, impressive ecommerce website where you can sell your products or services to online customers. The professional website developerRead MoreIct : Information And Communication Technologies1350 Words   |  6 Pageslike to inform about the development of technology over the years. I am going to carry out this research through the use of online sources and textbooks. Importance of ICT in education ICT has become essential in education as it contributes to the achievement of a student’s education in many ways. 1. Increases source of knowledge ICT allows students to access to information online shared by people all around the world, this allow them to get a better understanding. Also, allows students to researchRead MoreAdvertising, Refund Problem And All Other Problem Of Online Shopping961 Words   |  4 PagesNowadays people try to shop online more than before. If people have no car don’t have the energy to tackle an overcrowded, some of items are too heavy. People all worries answer could be the online shopping. Online shopping means the service provider or seller and the customer contract each other without simultaneous, actual and physical presence. Online shopping has become increasing day by day especially in holidays. Online shopping save times, individual the hassle of searching several storesRead MoreConsumer Perceptions About Financial Risk Essay1855 Words   |  8 Pages How Consumer Perceptions about Financial Risk In Online Shopping Has Made The Transaction Process More Secure On eBay.com Presented to: Mark Medicoff Lecturer John Molson School of Business Concordia University Montreal, Quebec Prepared by: Claudio Viganà ³ Accounting Major John Molson School of Business Montreal, Quebec Section 212 - R October 27th, 2016 October 27th 2016 Mr. Mark Medicoff Lecturer John Molson School of Business 1450 Rue Guy, Montrà ©al, Quebec H3HRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Walmart Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesstores as overwhelming and expensive. (Loeb,ND) Walmart online store is currently expanding to reach their global market. (Wahba,2016) In order reach the East Asia region, Walmart’s ecommerce store must meet the needs of the consumer as if it was a brick motor store. (Wahba,2016) This online store offers consumers to shop online without the hassle of having to go into a store that is unfamiliar and uncomfortable to them. (Leob,ND) The online store will attract more customers and expand the WalmartRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed The World Of Retailing1487 Words   |  6 Pagesaffecting the retailing industry is the increase in the number of people who prefer shopping for apparel on the Internet from the comfort of their home rather than a tradition brick and mortar store. Emerging technology such as mobile applications and online platforms are changing the way retailers do business. One other mobile trend is the creation of mobile point-of-sale applications to make it easier for consumers to buy apparels. Furthermore, another trend would be the usage of customer data by retailers

Analysis Of Morrison s The Environment - 1014 Words

The environment that Morrison uses to set up her character s actions becomes a site of contention because it evokes serious ontological questions for the reader, particularly as it relates to Pecola s position in her community. As a pariah, she operates both at the margins and the center of her community. The sheer horror evoked by her presence in the community forces people to regard her as absent. The community s regarding Pecola as invisibly present is a defense mechanism that shields it from the lure of decadence that Pecola and her family represent. As a result, the people who glamorize and prolong her shame also allow her to sink into madness. By default, they are themselves condemned. Claudia, the narrator in the novel, recounts, We are wrong, of course, but it doesn t matter. It s too late. At least on the edge of my town, among the garbage and the sunflowers of my town, it s much, much, much too late The other major players in the novel are Frieda, Claudia s older sister; Pecola s immediate family: Cholly, the father; Pauline, the mother, and Sammy, her brother. Claudia and her sister establish a relationship with Pecola when their home becomes her temporary refuge due to her father s burning the front part of their house. The sisters cannot help but to acknowledge Pecola s differences. First, Pecola is seen as both a woman and a girl because she menstruates at a young age. This radically alters her status in the minds of the girls her age (231). Plus,Show MoreRelatedMarketing Environment Analysis Of Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc1330 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing module examination, will first include a marketing environment analysis of Wm Morrison Supermarkets PLC for both the internal and external environment of the company. Secondly, a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis will be conducted followed by strategic recommendations concerning the compan y’s future operation. Prior to the above-mentioned contents of this assignment is a brief description of Wm Morrison Supermarkets PLC’s profile. Last but not least, a paragraphRead MoreThe Origin Of The Pest Analysis768 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Thomas del Marmol, the origin of the PEST analysis remains relatively unclear. However some authors agree that the first traces of its appearance can be found in the book by Francis J. Aguilar, Scanning the Business Environment (1967). The PEST analysis also known as PESTEL framework The PEST analysis allows a manager to find the key macroeconomic factors that can have an influence on the future expansion of the organisation. The recognizable proof of future macroeconomic variablesRead MoreA Report On Tesco Plc1711 Words   |  7 Pagesratios analysis indicators in specific to analysis ,comparisons and evaluation of annual report of Tesco PLC and Wm Morrison supermarket PLC .It will be focus on following respects (1)Comparing Tesco PLC and Morrison PLC between 2013 and 2014 respectively. (2) Comparing Tesco PLC and Morrison PLC in 2014. 2 .0 Three limitations of ratio analysis (1)Although Tesco and Morrison operates in similar sectors ,but it is impossible that any two entities will have the same operating environment and marketingRead MoreKhepera Charter School Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pagesalso enhance the delivery of instruction for special education students as well. The thesis of this paper is to identify the need to update Khepera Charter School’s technology by using a need analysis. From the thesis, this paper will address the learner’s characteristics for the needs, a practical analysis, and objectives for the identified need. The ability to identify the need for Khepera Charter School is essential in providing effective instructions for all students, and provide teachers withRead MoreRetail Environmental Factors That Influence Consumer Buying Behavior939 Words   |  4 Pagesstudies thematic analysis. Finally, the review provides an overall discussion of the findings and to identify the gaps in the literature. The search process In order to conduct the search for relevant articles, the Pro Quest was searched. As the research is about impact of mall environment on consumers buying behavior the combinations of the following key words were used (buying behavior or shopping behavior or Spending behavior) and (consumers or shoppers) and (mall environment or mall atmosphereRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management1585 Words   |  7 Pagesobjectives and performance of a corporation. It accomplishes this task by including a variety of tools and analysis techniques, which will implement, evaluate and control the general direction of a company. This is done through strategy formulation which begins with a situational analysis that emphasizes the monitoring and evaluating of external opportunities and threats in light of a corporation ´s strengths and weaknesses (Wheelen and Hunger, 2006; Saloner et al., 2001). The objective of this paperRead MoreEffects Of Parental Divorce On Children s Development1019 Words   |  5 Pagestopic that has been said that it has a huge impact in children s development. The researches of Divorce and the impact on a child s development. Some of the e journals will explore and help us identify some the effects that harm children as they encounter their parental divorce. Numerous researchers have found that parental divorce is associated with a range of negative outcomes in young children. We will focus on prospective Analysis and explore the study more detailed. The effects of a person’sRead MoreRetail Environment Elements That Influence Consumer Shopping Behavior1311 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence consumer buying behavior like retail environment which is one of the most important factors, affecting consumers’ purchase process. This literature review seeks to identify retail environment elements that influence consumer shopping behavior. The structure of this literature review is as follows. Firstly, the review describes the search process f or the relevant studies. Following this, the review then explains the studies thematic analysis. Finally, the review provides an overall discussionRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula1655 Words   |  7 Pagesthe two girls share as a result of their juvenescence--or does it? In Toni Morrison s Sula, this scene, among others, appears at first to be both irrelevant to the novel’s underlying theme and out of place with regard to the rest of the plot. Yet, when analyzed further, the literary devices that Morrison uses in these scenes bring readers to a vastly different conclusion. These scenes serve as windows into the mind of Morrison and even into the larger themes present in the text. So, perhaps two girlsRead MoreFinancial Analysis : Business Enterprise1614 Words   |  7 Pages INTRODUCTION The timing is important to anticipate any failure in the future can be corrected, but late decisions are worthless. Financial analysis procedures can be used not only for the previous financial information to evaluate, but also further its activity forecast made in order to assess the pre-financial reporting quality. Each business enterprise in order to survive in the market has to ensure that its activities

Thomas Aquinas free essay sample

As I was a Christian, my parents use to ask me to read different types of books about God and religion. One of my favorite books that I had read during my high school years was a book by Thomas Aquinas. Thomas Aquinas believed in a unique combination of faith and reason in his believes of God, and had brought up five different arguments on his believes in political and ethical in the existence of God. 1st: The First Mover Aristotle got the idea that the whole universe is in motion from Heraclitus, and he wrote it in his Metaphysics. When Aquinas read this, he was amazed by this idea. Aquinas argued that everything must be moved by something. Everything that moves is moved by something else, for nothing can move unless it has the potentiality of acquiring the perfection of that towards which it moves (Aquinas, 1950) Aquinas states that there must be a first mover who moves everything since it is impossible for things to be in motion without being moved. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Aquinas or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Aquinas then identifies the first mover who is not moved by anyone as God. 2nd: First Cause Aquinas states that there must be an efficient cause for everything in the world and it is impossible for something to cause itself. In the world of senses we find that there is a sequence of efficient causes, but we never find something that causes itself, and it is impossible to do because it would precede itself which is impossible (Aquinas, 1950) Aquinas argues that if one can trace back infinitively, it is possible to find the first cause that causes everything. Aquinas got that idea from Aristotle, who said efficient cause is what it cause itself and cause everything else, and Aquinas called the first cause God. 3rd: First Beingb  Aquinas ponders the theory of existence, wondering why everything exist if there used to be nothing? According to Aquinas, the world cant be just here all the time, some necessary being must have created it. Everything cannot be [merely] possible but there must be some necessary being in existence. Something is necessary being either as a result of the action of another or not (Aquinas, 1950) Then Aquinas came up with the conclusion that God is the first being that created itself and created everything out of nothing, and that is why we all exist now. First perfect thing In Aquinass view, there are things that are perfect; therefore, there must be perfect forms in the universe. The fourth way is based on the gradations that exist in things. We find in the world that some things are more or less true, or good, or noble and so on (Aquinas, 1950) Something can be closer to ideal than the others, so Aquinas argues that a perfect being must exist. Aquinas then concludes that it is God is the being that is all good and contain whatever perfection everything has. Everything follows an order Through observing the nature and learning from other philosophers, Aquinas agrees that there is an order in the universe. Everything tends to follow the idea of teleology, which is to have a function and purpose. We see that things that lack consciousness such as bodies in nature function purposively (Aquinas, 1950) Since there is order in the universe that even unconscious things follow, Aquinas thinks there must be someone who designs it, and the being is God. In Aquinas view, God is the intelligent being that direct everything to its goals. Conclusion I am convinced, but still skeptical on his arguments. It is very hard to directly deny Aquinass proofs because they are so strong. Aquinas idea of God is the first mover, first cause and first being is hard to rebut. With the technologies we have in modern societies, we still cannot find out what causes the first movement, what is the efficient cause of everything else, or what is the first thing that existed. Aquinas is right that it is impossible to create things out of nothing, and the big bang theory we have nowadays is not 100% proven to be accurate. But perhaps one day in the far future our technology may be good enough to disprove Aquinas arguments. Although his points to prove God’s existence are strong, I still come up with a couple questions that assemble the theodicy problem. If God exist, why would there be evil? Why doesnt God just create a perfect world which there is no suffering? Aquinas tries to answer the with very cliche Christian views that do not satisfy me. He claims that God is testing our faith and God gives us free-will because we are intelligent. If God is powerful and omniscient, why doesnt he just create human beings that are faithful and not sinful? There is no point to test our faith if God knows we have faith or not. The theodicy problem is an endless discussion and I believe neither Aquinas nor any person in the current world can fully explain this.

Marxism And Economic Theory Essays (1985 words) -

Marxism and Economic Theory Human relationships have always been dynamic. Change and adaptability have gone hand in hand with the passage of time for human society. Systems have been developed to regulate, direct and control the resources of this society. The systems are referred to as governments and the resources as the populace or inhabitants and forces of production. A government must be dynamic in its nature reflecting the change in society. At times these systems have resisted the necessity to adapt with its components (Society) creating a deficit between the system and those it regulates. As the deficits develop, they cause instability, and could lead to revolution.1 Theories have been developed to explain the systemic phenomenon called revolution. This paper will discuss three modern theories and apply them to the English revolution of 1640. The first theory, developed by Carl Marx (Marxism), will address the economic evolution in English society. This theory will emphasize and explain how the shift from a feudal/mercantile system to capitalism affected English society. The second, called the Resource Mobilization Theory (RMT) developed by Charles Tilly, will explain how the English organizations (the Crown and the Parliament) effectively obtained, amassed and managed resources. Samuel Huntington's, "Institutional Theory", will argue that the existing government at that time was unable to incorporate the demands and personnel that the socio-economic changes created. Marxism was formulated in the 19th century. Carl Marx and his associate Frederick Engels observed the socio-economic changes that were transpiring in Britain. England was the dominant world power and had the largest industrialized economy during the 1800's. The development of the factory and the institution of the assembly line created a large demand for workers. This demand was satiated by migrating peasant from the rural areas in England and Ireland to developing urban centers. As these urban centers or cities evolved using industry as the economic backbone for the population, a large number of factory workers were accumulated to operate the machinery in horrid conditions. These workers, which would be termed as the peasantry under a feudal system, were now the working class or proletariat. They entered cities with hopes of bettering their lives and survival. Though revolution never took place in England during this period, it allowed Marx to study industrialization, urbanization and imperialism. The theory of Marxism has three basic concepts: historic materialism, forces of production and relations of production. Historic materialism is defined as a society's past performance and present capabilities of satisfying the basic means of life. Humankind's basic needs of eating, drinking and shelter need to be met properly. The forces of production (technology, capital, the infrastructure of society, etc.) are important for the simple fact of who ever controls them controls the society. The last aspect of Marxism, the relations of production, deals directly with the relationships between classes of people (the aristocracy, the middle-class and the working class).2 Marxism includes a predictive analysis of socio-economic structures. Using history, logic and the dynamic nature of humankind as guidelines, Carl Marx attempts to map out a sequence of events which will eventually lead to utopia (anarchy). In his work, Das Capital, Marx details the six steps. These steps are primitive socialism, feudalism, capitalism, socialism, communism and then anarchy. The evolution of the English economic system during the 16th and 17th centuries points to a shift from feudalism to capitalism. This shift is exemplified by the enclosures. The landlords began to fence their property in the common land areas. The "commons" were large plots of grazing and farmable lands that were used by both farmers and artisans. When the land-owners and manorial lords began to partition these lands the concept of private ownership of property was introduced to the socio-economic system.3 During the time period of the 16th and 17th centuries the crown's economic base began a gradual decline. This economic shrinkage came to a spearhead during the reign of Charles I. The monarchy favored a monopoly market system over a competitive one. The purpose for this position was for taxation and control of the profits. As the artisan and merchant populations increased, the policy of the crown began conflicting with economic growth. This created instability in three areas. First, the English

Document (15) Essays (222 words) - Theology, Christian Theology

Christopher Brinson Biblical leadership December 6, 2018 Textbook review In one section of the book it spoke about the Big Bang theory and that is something that always catches my eye. The reason it always catches my eye is because when I was younger most of my friends were talking about this. I personally never got into this type of stuff my mother took me to church and that is what I am stick with. You have to have a strong faith in God to not become one of those people who just don't believe that there is nothing controlling us in a higher power. I find it very funny how on some Christian colleges there are still students who do not believe in the Lord Jesus Christ. I tend to believe people have not gotten the correct knowledge about God to believe in him yet. The ultimate truth book it is a well written book about God and is also talks about different aspects of God and gives different ire points. I would recommend this book to someone and I will because it will teach you things that most teachers will not ever talk about. At the end of the d ay you can not force the Bible onto someone they will have to become a believer on their own after a while.

pch network design Essay

pch network design Essay pch network design Essay Abstract When starting a healthcare business there is so much that is entailed when it comes to the networks and what options are available and what may be the right fit for the certain company. When the needs are laid out, then it would be better to decide what networks would work best. This can be the most difficult challenge in the company as if the wrong choices are made then this can be more money out of their pocket. The networks really make the company is what it comes down to. Network Design â€Å"The backbone network structure for the entire hospital is 1000 BaseT† (University of Phoenix, 2011, 2013). â€Å"Individual sections of departmental networks such as Radiology use different standards such as 1000 BaseF† (University of Phoenix, 2011, 2013). â€Å"The entire hospital has a complete power backup system with automatic cutover to a large diesel motor generator set. Individual departments have local UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) as depicted on the individual department network diagrams†. The 1000 BaseT is the main functioning part of the departments that can add anything that the system may need to work there for the particular specialty. Many of the individual departments have the 1000 BaseF, and many have their own system linked into the 1000 BaseT network, but it is not guaranteed that you will find this in all of the departments. In the University of Phoenix simulation (2011, 2013), HIPAA is strictly enforced and al l patient data files are encrypted for storage using AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) along with having the correct authorization to get into patient files. These systems work off of whatever it is that is beneficial for the particular department’s needs. The system that they have in place seems to be very efficient and effective in getting the job done for the needs of the hospital. â€Å"1000BaseT Ethernet, released as the IEEE 802.3ab standard, supports 1000 Mbps Ethernet (usually called Gigabit Ethernet) over Category 5 or higher UTP cable† (Tomsho, 2011, "Ethernet Standards"). 1000BaseT uses copper cables while 1000Base F uses fiber optic cables. Category 5 cable contains four wire pairs that allows 250 Mbps of data to be sent and received simultaneously in both directions across the wire pairs. A bandwidth of 1000 Mbps can be transmitted in each direction in full-duplex mode. 1000BaseT Ethernet is 100 times faster than standard Ethernet. Hybrids are used to combine multiple signals, while cancellers intercept interference. According to Tomsho (2011), upgrading to 1000BaseT is fairly simple because only NICs and switches that do not operate at 1000 Mbps need to be replaced not the entire cabling infrastructure. ("Ethernet Standards"). Gigabit Ethernet is most commonly used in LAN but it is also suitable for MAN because transmission takes place over fiber-optic cables. A downfall of this type of Ethernet is that it is susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI) which can cause devices to malfunction. The telecommunications that are currently being used by Patton-Fuller Hospital provide communication between the hospital, its staff and patients. The systems that are used help integrate the operating of the hospital for the patients. This is done by faxing, coping and printing of the records when needed. The right staffing must be hired that is fully knowledgeable of what the hospital needs to provide patients with the best care. Proper training has to be available to keep staff up to date about their job titles by videos, current position information and any information on any improvements that need to be communicated to help operations run to their maximum capability. The telecommunication lines must be open and up to date to handle all areas that the hospital will need for their patients like internet availability to access medical records and billing when needed, and all information must have authorization before any information is given or received. There are rules and

Trademark Laws Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trademark Laws - Case Study Example Given this initial interest confusion, an actionable theory, the court found that the public was likely to be confused to some extent and this was enough for the court to further find that trademarks could not be used as metatags. The ruling, however, was rather specific or limited. The facts of this case provided that the MovieBuff trademark owned by Brookfield could not be used as a metatag; however, the court mentioned several variations that would not be unlawful. First, the court noted that simply putting a space between the movie and the buff would be a lawful metatag; this would be a nearly identical use of language and protect West Coast from lawsuits. Second, the court stated that trademarks can be used descriptively in metatags and on web pages. The trademark, for instance, could be used to make comparisons or to draw contrasts. Thus, in short, the ruling was very specific in that it found the exact use of a trademark in a metatag to be unlawful while at the same time articulating a few safe harbors. The court's reasoning seems sound and persuasive.

Three Questions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Three Questions - Case Study Example As the paper stresses there are certain HR. principles that have materialized into strategic practices at the organization. One of them is the principle of training human resources continuously to save on financial resources of the firm. This tenet has been implemented as a strategy in that the firm sends various heads of departments to benchmark or attend training conferences with discussions for instance, about improved methods of technical and scientific revolution. The firm also employs the services of a company psychologist to assist employees cope with their different stressing issues.  From this case study it is clear that in line with the principle of employee motivation, differentiation and establishment of remuneration according to the weight or intensity of work coupled with qualitative and quantitative performance, the firm ensures that hardworking employees are acknowledged and rewarded. For instance, the firm has a policy of recognizing the employee of the month. This is usually the worker who has successfully completed most projects and has done them well. The corporation has also made an effort to provide its workers with health insurance coverage in case of any medical emergencies that they and/or their families may encounter. This is in accordance to the fundamental principle of human resource management or labour protection if employees are faced with the risk of accidents or illnesses in the line of work.

Topic in Instruction (Organizational Behavior) Essay

Topic in Instruction (Organizational Behavior) - Essay Example Examples here include stimulation of innovation and creativity, qualitative decision making, positive self evaluation, increased curiosity and interest among employees (Rahim, 2001). To this end, functional conflict improves the performance of a group and supports its goals. Moreover, it is aligned towards serving the interest of an organization. In an environment synonymous with functional conflict, people are able to express their ideas and opinions freely, challenge the beliefs, opinions, and ideas of others. Functional conflict can equally be viewed as a ‘group thinking’ antidote in which feelings of loyalty and solidarity for a decision making group supersedes the imperative to realistically and logically examine all possible options (Rahim, 2001). To this end, another definition of functional conflict refers to the constructive challenging of beliefs, ideas, and assumptions. It equally espouses respect for viewpoints raised by others even in the event of disagreeme nt between parties. Furthermore, it involves consultative interactions that are characterized by beneficial give and take. On the other hand, dysfunctional conflict is viewed as unhealthy and related to negative outcomes. It is detrimental towards the achievement of the organizations goals and hinders group performance. Evidently, dysfunctional conflict reduces group performance and satisfaction due to the creation of antagonism, tension and distraction of people form work functions. Moreover, dysfunctional conflict is counterproductive and wasteful to an organization’s resources. To this end, dysfunctional conflicts are normally characterized by people who are not willing to work as a team in order to solve problems. Examples here include less productivity, distorted communication, distrust, hostility, minimal group cohesion and low efficiency. Consequently, the conventional definition of dysfunctional conflict is given as an unhealthy process associated with distorted organ ization behavior, poor group or individual performance as well as dissatisfaction. Antecedents of Conflict One of the antecedents of conflict includes communication barriers. Evidently, the facets of communication barriers includes such things like language differences and physical separation that results to message distortion which can end up in conflict. Value judgment is also another facet of communication barrier. For example, a employee who is persistent complainer may face a devaluation of his or her message from the manager even before it is delivered.Competition over scarce resources offers another antecedent of conflict. This is evident in circumstances when different organizational units or interested parties attempt to distribute and allocate resources. In circumstance when rules used in the allocation of resources are deemed as unfair, conflict is most likely to arise among the interested parties. Supremacy competitions among employees whereby they seek to outshine or ou tdo each other offers an avenue for conflict in organizations. Evidently, it occurs when two or more employees are engaged in supremacy battles over promotion or control of comparative power within the organization.Cultural and personality differences equally constitute an antecedent of conflict. The existence of diverse culture presents an avenue of conflict especially in the event that there is a lack of respect or understanding.

Prevalence of Traumatic Injuries to Anterior Teeth

Prevalence of Traumatic Injuries to Anterior Teeth Medident Prevalence of traumatic injuries TO ANTERIOR TEETH IN CHILDREN AGED 8-12 YEARS IN KANPUR CITY Abstract: Aims: This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence, causes and anatomical risk factors of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth among the 8 to 12 years old school going children in Kanpur city, India. Material Methods: The sample size included 2913 school children aged 8 to 12years from 30 both private and government schools. Simple random sampling technique was used to draw the sample. To record teeth injuries; the classification of Ellis (Ellis et al 1970), as modified by Holland (Holland et al 1988) was used. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out in the present study. Chi-Square Test and Z-test for a proportion (Binomial distribution) was used during statistical analysis. P values P à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ £ 0.05were considered statistically significant. Results: The study shows prevalence of 10.57% of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth among 8-12 years old school going children (prevalence of 8.25% at the age of 8 years which reached to 14.12%% at the age of 12 years). Boys were more involved (14%) than girls (6.7%). The maxillary central incisors (89.29%) were the most affected teeth followed by the lateral incisors (6.82%). Fractures involving only enamel (79.87%) were the most frequent type of traumatic dental injuries. Falls (46.75%) were the most frequent cause of trauma followed by collisions (7.14%).Traumatic Dental Incisors were more prevalent among those with overjet >3.5mm and inadequate lip coverage. Conclusion: Children being male and having an overjet >3.5 mm inadequate lip coveragewere associated with a higher probability of having a traumatized tooth. Keywords:  Prevalence, Traumatic dental Injuries, Anterior teeth, overjet Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries to the permanent incisors are common amongst children. They have an unfavorable social and psychological impact on the quality of life of children and adolescents when they do not receive adequate treatment. The result from the fact that it mainly affects the anterior teeth, causing physical and psychological discomfort, pain, loss of function of mastication and phonation, decreased self esteem and embarrassment when smiling, therefore has a direct impact on the social life of affected individuals1. Dental trauma is associated with several etiological and risk factors. Data from dental clinics and hospital based studies have shown that falls, collisions, sports activities, traffic accidents and high levels of violence are the main etiological factors2. Epidemiological studies reveal that one out of two children sustains a dental injury, most often between the ages of 8 and 12 3. Despite its importance, there are few reports available on the epidemiology of injuries to the teeth of children in developing and industrialized countries, in particular when compared to epidemiological data on dental caries and periodontal diseases4. The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries amongst school going children in different parts of the world varies from a low 2.6 (Macko et al 5) to a high of 43.8 % (Marcenes and Murray6). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate prevalence, causes and the anatomic risk factors of the traumatic injuries to anterior teeth among 8 12 years old school going children in Kanpur city. Material Methods: Ethical approval: The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Rama Dental College, Hospital Research Centre. The examinations were conducted with permission from the education authorities and head teachers and the informed consent of the children’s parents. Study group: Three thousand school children between the age group of 8-12 years were randomly selected from both the Government and Private schools of Kanpur were initially examined. Eighty seven children were excluded from the study because they had a history of or were currently receiving orthodontic treatment. Thus the total number of children included in this study was 2913. Data was collected by an interview and oral examination. A Performa was prepared to collect data during oral examination and brief face-to-face interview. A single examiner trained and calibrated for the criteria used, conducted both the interview of the parents and the clinical examination of the children. The children were examined at their schools under natural light. Children who participated in the study were examined at the schools during school hours, in a predetermined timetable, as arranged with the school authorities. Data collected during the interview: Time of the accident: Type of accident Place of accident. Data collected during Clinical Examination: To record teeth injuries, the classification of Ellis7, as modified by Holland et al.8 was used: Class 1: Fracture of enamel only. Class 2: Fracture of enamel and dentine; without pulp involvement. Class 3: Fracture of enamel and dentine; with pulp involvement. Class 4: Discoloration of the tooth, with or without a sinus. Class 5: Displacement; extrusion, intrusion, and lateral displacement. Class 6: Tooth loss as a result of trauma. Class 7: Tooth restored by composite or crown following fracture. At the time of survey the soft tissue injuries were not always recorded. In addition, vitality tests and radiographic examinations were not carried out; therefore, root factures were not recorded. Endodontic treatment could not be recorded, and endodontic treatment needs were calculated based on the presence of discoloration, fistulous tract and fracture with pulp exposure. The horizontal relation of the incisors was measured with a CPITN periodontal probe. The measurement was done holding the CPITN periodontal probe parallel to the occlusal plane. The children were separated into two groups according to overjet of less than 3.5mm and 3.5mm or more than 3.5mm. Incisal overjet was not recorded where there was a loss of upper incisors or if a lingual cross bite was present. To record lip pattern, each child was instructed to stand in a specified position and the lip line carefully observed. If in the rest position, the incisors were covered completely by the lips, the lip coverage was scored adequate; otherwise an inadequate score was recorded. Results: Table 1 shows the number and proportion of children who had at least one traumatized permanent anterior teeth. Table 1: The number and proportion of children with traumatized anterior teeth Discussion: The prevalence of trauma to anterior teeth in this study (10.57%) corroborates the assertion that dental injuries among children frequently present between 10% and 20% (Dearing et al9, 1984). The fact that in this study, boys had suffered more traumatic dental injuries than girls (boys-53.14%, girls-46.86%) is basically explained by behavioral or even cultural factors, in that boys engage in leisure activities or sports of generally more aggressive nature or with a greater accident risk than girls do. This research agrees with most other studies that show higher incidence of trauma in males10-14. However, few authors have shown similar trauma in boys and girls15, 16. The most common cause of traumatic dental injuries, observed in this present study was falls. The difficulty of grouping falls as a cause of trauma was reported in 1970. In the present study, the children that suffered dental trauma were asked about the causes of fall for the purpose of distinguishing falls without pushing from the ones in which the individual was pushed, which were grouped in the ‘violence’ category, because they represent a form of aggression. The percentage of schoolchildren that did not remember the accident was also high, which could result in the under reporting of violent incidents. The school going children examined, suffered trauma mostly at home and on the streets. Thus the discussion about healthy environments becomes highly relevant, because environment and health are interdependent and non-separable. Therefore, every place, appraised as alive territory, where exists a relation between children and nature (family, work relationship, leisure, education), are environments that must be favorable to health17. Maxillary central incisors (89.29%) were the most commonly involved teeth during dental trauma than other anterior teeth because of their morphology and location which makes them more susceptible to traumatic injuries18. The result agrees with the findings of Chen et al10(77%), caliskan Turkun14(66.2%), Zaragoza et al19.(87.9%), Zermancavarella12(80%) and Borssen Holm20(67%). Fractures involving only enamel (79.87%) were the most frequent type of traumatic dental injuries observed in our study sample, agreeing with other studies22-24. Vernier calipers provide an accurate measurement of overjet under ideal conditions. However, since the study was carried out under field circumstances CPI style periodontal probe was used to measure overjet as it was more feasible. In relation to overjet, different authors have argued over which particular value should be regarded as an increased overjet or not. Thus, some recognize an increased overjet when the value is more than 3 mm, and others when it is more than 5 mm. Normal overjet was considered to be in the range of 0-3.5mm9. The CPITN probe served the need, since its markings were located at 3.5 and 5.5mm which facilitated the grouping of the children into ranges of 3.5mm. In our study we found that the risk trauma increased as the overjet increased, the finding was similar to various previous studies25-27. Traumatic dental injuries are also associated with normal function deviation and position of perioral tissues. As was seen in several previous studied29-32, it was observed in the present study that the schoolchildren that presented inadequate lip coverage showed a statistically significant association between the presence of this condition and the occurrence of dental trauma. This can be explained by reduction of cushioning effect in presence of incompetent lips. This study showed that 92.21% of children with dental trauma remained untreated and thus there was a need of dental treatment in 92.21% of children with dental trauma. The reasons for such neglect are unclear. One could suggest that in developing countries, the majority of the population cannot afford private dental treatment and the dental public services are unable to offer more complex treatments. Nevertheless, high levels of untreated traumatized teeth were found in developed countries as well, such as the UK where quality public dental services are accessible to the majority of the population. One factor that could be determining low rates of treatment is related to the fact that traumatic dental injuries is not a disease and parents might not pay the necessary attention to it. This could be related to the severity of the dental injury. As the majority of traumatic dental injuries affect only the enamel this could have a lower potential to produce a negative impact on children a nd their parents. Another aspect that could be enhancing the treatment neglect is the dentist’s lack of knowledge regarding the treatment of dental trauma, both in developed and in developing countries17. In conclusion, the dental injuries are frequently occurring during the different stages of life but they are particularly common in childhood. Although dental injuries are rarely life-threatening, they are of public health importance due to their high prevalence and impact on individuals and society in terms of pain, discomfort, social and functional limitation and handicap, and the effect on the child’s quality of life. Thus, there is need to create dental awareness through dental health education amongst school going children to improve their quality of life. Furthermore traumatic dental injuries are preventable; therefore public health preventive and promotive programmes should be encouraged to reduce the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in school going children. Health promotion policies should aim to create an appropriate and safe environment. Soft playground surfaces, school-crossing patrols, marked zebra crossings and bicycle lanes would help create a safe environment. The use of seat belts, air bags, special car seats for children and bicycle helmets should be enforced. Mouth guards should be used when playing sports, in particular contact sports. Public Health Education regarding the epidemiology of dental injuries and its prevention through health promotion may play a major role in reducing the prevalence of traumatic dental injury and avoiding the financial costs of treatment, especially in developing countries.

Essay --

A more interesting topic of recent times is a new social reform known as Transcendentalism, a movement that is focused on thinking and making decisions based on intuition. Transcendentalists, people who follow the movement, are renowned for having a strong connection with life and nature. They think that humans in modern times rely too much on one another for advice and opinions. The idea of Transcendentalism is that by understanding lessons in nature, one can be closer to God both spiritually, and mentally (LibertyEnglish). According to Ralph Waldo Emerson, a prominent figure of this new movement, he writes, â€Å"Why should not we have a poetry and philosophy of insight and not of tradition, and a religion by revelation to us, and not the history of theirs?† (Age-of-the-Sage) Many people and religions have contributed to the growth of Transcendentalism over the past couple of decades. Fellow Transcendentalists view transcendentalism not as a religion, but a way of life (USh istory.org). Transcendentalism is said to have been influenced by Romanticism (Bingham 19), which originated in ...

Close Up Brand Analysis

BA 170 Midterm Paper Never settle for second best. And yet, since its inception in the Philippine market, second place has been Close Up’s niche. Though the brand has indeed been successful in differentiating its use and targets from the irreplaceable number one, the dream to finally land the gold continues to linger. Overview of the Brand Close Up was launched by Unilever in 1967 as the first gel toothpaste in the world. The product’s unique structure made it easy to market it as a new and diverse product, all other brands having manufactured the same opaque white consistency toothpaste normally has.Furthermore, the brand made sure to put the blue ocean strategy to their advantage. While competitors were going the more medical approach, Close Up branded itself as the more relatable brand to the youth. Currently, Close Up has eight variants out in the market. All their lines are made to function as the ‘fresh breath maker’, promising consumers long-lasting fresh breath. The variants mostly just differ in flavor apart from the Close Up Milk Calcium, which adds the teeth strengthening function to their product. Company Vision Close Up envisions itself as the number one toothpaste brand for the youth.Their goal is to get young adults to feel how much the brand can help them achieve fresh breath, which, in turn, can boost their confidence to face their everyday challenges. Close Up’s goal is to be the youth’s first choice when it comes to toothpaste brands. The Close Up Mission In line with the company vision is their mission to give the youth that confidence to make ‘the moment’ happen. Much of Close Up’s brand identity revolves around the concept of ‘the moment’, which they define as that special instant of interaction between two or more individuals.It may be as simple as asking someone to be their date to the high school prom or as big as saying I love you to their special someone for the first time. Close Up makes sure to be the factor that pushes the consumer’s insecurities aside in order for them to be confident enough to pursue that perfect moment. Target Market The brand associates itself with Filipinos aged 18-24 who are both sociable and optimistic. These young adults need that confidence to get up close and personal with others and believe that white teeth and fresh breath are important for social confidence and intimacy.Market Analysis The Toothpaste Market Based on Datamonitor, the toothpaste market in the Philippines has increased at a compound annual growth rate of 3. 3% between 2004 and 2009, with Colgate leading the pack with a share of 51. 7%. But after two decades of continuous growth, the toothpaste industry saw a decline in market usage causing most companies to cut prices. Currently, Close Up stands as the industry’s number two with a market share of approximately 20%. What are the factors that affect toothpaste choice in the market? A journal published by Ben Paul Gutierrez shows that there are thirteen attributes consumers look for when selecting their toothpaste. These include variables such as the ability to clean teeth properly, ability to give smooth and white teeth, ability to prevent cavities and the approval of dentists. (insert table of complete list here). Furthermore, the research shows the characteristics of the decision maker (ultimately, the one who chooses and purchases the product) and connects them to two behaviors, namely switching and involvement.Switching refers to the consumer’s brand loyalty whereas involvement refers to the buying behavior. (show table of high involvement/low involvement) Close Up and Colgate are both able to achieve high switching and brand involvement, which are expected of brand which have high market shares. Close Up’s Position In terms of age, Close Up has been consistent in marketing itself to the young adults. Map A shows the relationship between pric e and age and proves that Close Up is unique in its choice of age segment. This is particularly evident in their advertising, which will be discussed further in this text. insert perceptual map a) Looking at functional benefit (Map B), however, we see that Close Up lags behind Colgate, who has, over the years, developed more and more products to address different oral needs. This is also because Close Up has continuously focused on producing toothpaste with the same functional benefits, a few outliers aside. Though this is good for brand reinforcement, meaning that consumers quickly associate the same need to the brand, this may be a factor as to why the brand has stayed a challenger. insert perceptual map b) On the other hand, Map C illustrates the relationship of price and size. Here, Close Up is generally positioned in between two markets, with Colgate at Sensodyne being the higher priced brand (MORE ANALYSIS HERE) Lastly, Map D shows the relationship between price and functional benefits, which may also be interpreted as the consumer’s value for money. (insert perceptual map c) (insert more analysis) generally -toothpaste market, positioning, pricing, market behavior, segmentation breakthrough Consumer Insight -target market, trends, insight Current strategies Recommendations

USS Maryland (BB-46) in World War II

USS Maryland (BB-46) in World War II USS Maryland (BB-46) was the second ship of the US Navys Colorado-class of battleship. Entering service in 1921, the battleship briefly served in the Atlantic before spending the majority of its career in the Pacific. At Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, when the  Japanese attacked, Maryland sustained two bomb hits but remained afloat and endeavored to fight off the enemy aircraft. Repaired after the attack, the battleship played a support role in the early campaigns in the Pacific such the   Battle of Midway. In 1943, Maryland joined in the Allies island-hopping campaign across the Pacific and routinely provided naval gunfire support for troops ashore. The following year, it joined several other Pearl Harbor survivors in dealing out revenge on the Japanese at the Battle of Surigao Strait. Marylands later activities included supporting the invasion of Okinawa and aiding in transporting American troops home as part of Operation Magic Carpet. Design The fifth and last class  of Standard-type battleship  (Nevada, Pennsylvania, New Mexico, and Tennessee) developed for the US Navy, the Colorado-class represented an evolution of its predecessors. Conceived prior to the building of the Nevada-class, the Standard-type approach called for battleships that had common operational and tactical characteristics. These included the employment of oil-fired boilers rather than coal and the use of an  Ã¢â‚¬Å"all or nothing† armor scheme. This armor arrangement saw key areas of the vessel, such as magazines and engineering, heavily protected while less important areas were left unarmored. In addition, Standard-type battleships were to have a tactical turn radius of 700 yards or less and a minimum top speed of 21 knots.    Though similar to the preceding Tennessee-class, the Colorado-class mounted eight 16 guns in four twin turrets as opposed to the earlier vessels which carried twelve 14 guns in four triple turrets. The US Navy had been assessing the use of 16 guns for a few years and following successful tests of the weapon, discussions commenced regarding their use on the earlier Standard-type designs. This did not move forward due to the cost involved in altering these battleships and increasing their displacement to accommodate the new guns. In 1917, Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels finally permitted the use of 16 guns on the condition that the new class not incorporate any other major design changes. The Colorado-class also carried a secondary battery of twelve to fourteen 5 guns and an anti-aircraft armament of four 3 guns.    Construction The second ship of the class, USS Maryland (BB-46) was laid down at Newport News Shipbuilding on April 24, 1917. Construction moved forward on the vessel and on March 20, 1920, it slid into the water with Elizabeth S. Lee, daughter-in-law of Maryland Senator Blair Lee, acting as sponsor. An additional fifteen months of work followed and on July 21, 1921, Maryland entered commission, with Captain C.F. Preston in command. Departing Newport News, it conducted a shakedown cruise along the East Coast. USS Maryland (BB-46) - Overview Nation:  United StatesType:  BattleshipShipyard:  Newport News ShipbuildingLaid Down:  April 24, 1917Launched:  March  20, 1920Commissioned:  July 21, 1921Fate:  Sold for scrap Specifications (as built) Displacement:  32,600  tonsLength:  624  ft.Beam:  97  ft., 6 in.Draft:  30  ft., 6 in.Propulsion:  Turbo-electric transmission  turning 4 propellersSpeed:  21.17 knotsComplement:  1,080  men Armament (as built) 8 Ãâ€" 16  in. gun (4  Ãƒâ€" 2)12  Ãƒâ€" 5 in. guns4 Ãâ€" 3 in. guns2 Ãâ€" 21 in. torpedo tubes Interwar Years Serving as flagship for Commander-in-Chief, US Atlantic Fleet Admiral Hilary P. Jones, Maryland traveled extensively in 1922. After taking part in graduation festivities at the US Naval Academy, it steamed north to Boston where it played a role in celebrating the anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill. Embarking Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes on August 18, Maryland transported him south to Rio de Janeiro. Returning in September, it took part in fleet exercises the following spring before shifting to the West Coast. Serving in the Battle Fleet, Maryland and other battleships conducted a goodwill cruise to Australia and New Zealand in 1925. Three years later, the battleship carried President-elect Herbert Hoover on a tour of Latin American before returning to the United States for an overhaul. Pearl Harbor Resuming routine peacetime exercises and training, Maryland continued to largely operate in the Pacific during the 1930s. Steaming to Hawaii in April 1940, the battleship took part in Fleet Problem XXI which simulated a defense of the islands. Due to rising tensions with Japan, the fleet remained in Hawaiian waters following the exercise and shifted its base to Pearl Harbor. On the morning of December 7, 1941, Maryland was moored along Battleship Row inboard of USS Oklahoma (BB-37) when the Japanese attacked and pulled the United States into World War II. Responding with anti-aircraft fire, the battleship was protected from torpedo attack by Oklahoma. When its neighbor capsized early in the attack, many of its crew jumped aboard Maryland and aided in the ships defense.   In the course of the fighting, Maryland sustained hits from two armor-piercing bombs which caused some flooding. Remaining afloat, the battleship departed Pearl Harbor later in December and steamed to Puget Sound Navy Yard for repairs and an overhaul. Emerging from the yard on February 26, 1942, Maryland moved through shakedown cruises and training. Rejoining combat operations in June, it played a support role during the pivotal Battle of Midway. Ordered back to San Francisco, Maryland spent part of the summer in training exercises before joining USS Colorado (BB-45) for patrol duty around Fiji. Island-Hopping Shifting to the New Hebrides in early 1943, Maryland operated off Efate before moving south to Espiritu Santo. Returning to Pearl Harbor in August, the battleship underwent a five-week overhaul which included enhancements to its anti-aircraft defenses. Named flagship of Rear Admiral Harry W. Hills V Amphibious Force and Southern Attack Force, Maryland put to sea on October 20 to take part in the invasion of Tarawa. Opening fire on Japanese positions on November 20, the battleship provided naval gunfire support for the Marines ashore throughout the battle. After a brief voyage to the West Coast for repairs, Maryland rejoined the fleet and made for the Marshall Islands. Arriving, it covered the landings on Roi-Namur on January 30, 1944, before aiding in the assault on Kwajalein the following day.   With the completion of operations in the Marshalls, Maryland received orders to commence an overhaul and re-gunning at Puget Sound. Leaving the yard on May 5, it joined Task Force 52 for participation in the Marianas Campaign.   Reaching Saipan, Maryland commenced firing on the island on June 14. Covering the landings the next day, the battleship pounded Japanese targets as the fighting raged. On June 22, Maryland sustained a torpedo hit from a Mitsubishi G4M Betty which opened a hole in the battleships bow. Withdrawn from the battle, it moved to Eniwetok before proceeding back to Pearl Harbor. Due to the damage to the bow, this voyage was conducted in reverse. Repaired in 34 days, Maryland steamed to the Solomon Islands before joining Rear Admiral Jesse B. Oldendorfs Western Fire Support Group for the invasion of Peleliu. Attacking on September 12, the battleship reprised its support role and aided Allied forces ashore until the island fell. Surigao Strait Okinawa On October 12, Maryland sortied from Manus to provide cover for the landings on Leyte in the Philippines. Striking six days later, it remained in the area as Allied forces went ashore on October 20. As the wider Battle of Leyte Gulf commenced, Maryland and Oldendorfs other battleships shifted south to cover the Surigao Strait. Attacked on the night of October 24, the American ships crossed the Japanese T and sank two Japanese battleships (Yamashiro Fuso) and a heavy cruiser  (Mogami). Continuing to operate in the Philippines, Maryland sustained a kamikaze hit on November 29 which caused damage between the forward turrets as well as killed 31 and wounded 30. Repaired at Pearl Harbor, the battleship was out of action until March 4, 1945.    Reaching Ulithi, Maryland joined Task Force 54 and departed for the invasion of Okinawa on March 21. Initially tasked with eliminating targets on the islands south coast, the battleship then shifted west as the fighting progressed. Moving north with TF54 on April 7, Maryland sought to counter Operation Ten-Go which involved the Japanese battleship Yamato. This effort succumbed to American carrier planes before TF54 arrived. That evening, Maryland took a kamikaze hit on Turret No.3 which killed 10 and injured 37.   Despite the resulting damage, the battleship remained on station for another week. Ordered to escort transports to Guam, it then proceeded to Pearl Harbor and on to Puget Sound for repairs and an overhaul.    Final Actions Arriving, Maryland had its 5 guns replaced and enhancements made to the crews quarters. Work on the ship ended in August just as the Japanese ceased hostilities. Ordered to take part in Operation Magic Carpet, the battleship assisted in returning American servicemen to the United States. Operating between Pearl Harbor and the West Coast, Maryland transported over 8,000 men home before completing this mission in early December. Moved into reserve status on July 16, 1946, the battleship left commission on April 3, 1947. The US Navy retained Maryland for another twelve years until selling the ship for scrap on July 8, 1959.

This is a lab report concerning essays

This is a lab report concerning essays Objective: To become familiar with various types of laboratory equipment Materials and Methods/Procedures: A 10ml pipette was used to pipette 5ml of water 4 times into a 50 ml graduated cylinder, and the results were measured. Next, a 50 ml graduated cylinder was filled to the 50 ml mark twice and the contents were poured into a dry 100 ml volumetric flask, and a 100 ml graduated cylinder was filled to the 100 ml mark and the contents were poured into a dry 100 ml volumetric flask. The results of the 100 ml experiments were then compared. A ruler was used to measure the side of a cube in inches and the number was converted into centimeters, millimeters and meters. A triple beam balance was used to weigh an item, the results were converted to grams, milligrams and kilograms. An empty 100 ml beaker was weighed and then 50 ml of water was added, and the beaker was weighed again. The beaker's weight was subtracted to obtain the weight of the water. The procedure was repeated with a 25 ml beaker and 10 ml of 200 proof ethyl alcohol. 50 ml was converted to microliter, deciliter and liter. Six stoppers of similar size were weighed individually and the Results: The results of the pipette procedure showed the volume in the graduated cylinder was 20 ml and there was not a difference in the expected result. The procedure with 100 ml of water proved that the volume of both experiments was the same- 100 ml. The measurement of the side of the cube was .5 inches, 1.27 cm, 12.7 mm and 00127 meters. The weight of the object was 15.852 g, 15851 mg, and 0.015852 kg. The weight of the beaker was 49.49 g, the beaker and water weighed 99.93 g, resulting in the water weighing 50.440 g. The density of the water was 440 g/ml. The weight of the next beaker was 30.059 g, the beaker and alcohol weighed 37.825 g, with the alcohol alone weighing 7.226 g. and havin ...

Management Case Analysis (Boeing Case) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Case Analysis (Boeing Case) - Essay Example Place: As an international player, it has a broader market base to serve which can ensure a perennial demand for its products that a down trend in one economy may be compensated by the demand hike in another. However, being an international player in itself has its own costs that if all the segments of the market are not properly served, chances that when one economy is experiencing a downtrend, the other segment may be favoring its rival’s products. Thus search for newer markets like the developing nations etc. should always be forayed into. Product: Customizing and at the same time convincing officials to save the jobs of its workers like the incident at Los Angeles proves that the company is striving hard to make the both ends meet to gain the confidence of both the workers and customers also. The main point to note is that pricey contracts cannot be struck by anybody’s intention to help. The deals are struck only when the company identifies the needy customers who are ready to pay for the services of the company. The developing markets may throw an opportunity in this regard to the company. Promotion: The Company exhibits confidence in its estimates to grow up to 35% from the current 26% of the market share within 20 years from now which amounts to sale of 3890 Cargo flights in a year in place of current number of 1,950 flights per year. Investments for this size of market have to be arranged at a low cost model failing which; the company may fall short of its estimates. With other players lagging behind in the cargo section, a diligent performance can win accolades to the company in the cargo section. Price: The currently operating commercial flights are aptly priced that the company is able to maintain its second position in the market notwithstanding the evils of delay in the trial run. However, the rival is gaining more on the basis of pricing that its products are delivering higher advantage for the price they demand. If the

Commercialisation Plan for Nano Tube Solar Panels Technology. It is Research Paper

Commercialisation Plan for Nano Tube Solar Panels Technology. It is one of the assignments for Innovation Management Topic - Research Paper Example Many devices have been developed for this from the ancient times itself; one of them is the solar panels, which is used to capture and convert solar energy into thermal energy. But the key challenge in solar panel technology is the identification of efficient and cost effective method to convert, store and use solar energy. This has encouraged the development of Nano Tube Solar Panels. It advanced solution to energy requirements, that too in a cost effective manner with a greater efficiency. Earlier silicon panels were used which used highly doped p-n junction in between two pure silicon crystals to form the panel. This panel was so difficult to make as it requires semi conducting material which is highly doped with phosphorous or arsenic to give its character and it should be grown between two pure silicon crystals at high temperature. This manufacturing process is very costly as well involves many risks. Also this type of panels has very high payback time and very short life span T here is a wide need for a change in the source of energy for public and private requirements. Government announces some energy conservation plans, of which one of them was â€Å"non conventional energy sources like recovering energy like solar energy should be used for lighting at public places like street lights traffic etc† (Jain 2009, p. 254). ... Carbon nano tubes are intrinsic p-type semi conducting material, usually made of titanium dioxide nano particles or rolled up sheet of graphene. Unlike in earlier version, in which sunlight is converted into electrons and utilized as electric current, here sunlight is made into nano particles, which can increase the efficiency by a larger means. According to Nanowelded Carbon Nanotubes: From Field-Effect Transistors to Solar Microcells Chongjin Chen, Yafei Zhang nanotubes are prepared by depositing organic films containing SWNTs on to a glass substrates coated with indium-tin oxide (ITO).As a final mix a sandwich configuration is made as Aluminum electrodes were thermally evaporated under vacuum to form a sandwich configuration. Because of the interaction of the carbon nanotubes with the polymer poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT), excitons generated by the light in the polymer allow charge separation of the photogenerated excitons in the polymer and efficient electron transport to the el ectrode through the nanotubes. The electrons travel through the entire nanotubes and then hop or tunnel to the next nanotubes. As a result of which electron mobility increases and balances the charge carrier transport to the electrodes. Here the composite’s conductivity is also increased by a factor of 10. This process can increase the photovoltaic performance, by increasing the photocurrent by more than two orders of magnitude and doubling the open circuit voltage. â€Å"Scientists now have a much better understanding of the complex interplay between the electronic and physical interaction polymer, and the fullerene component can assist in the design of the next generation of optimized organic solar cells† (Lau

Pregant Women with HIV Infections Research Paper

Pregant Women with HIV Infections - Research Paper Example Pregnant Women with HIV Infections Part A HIV/AIDS is a disease that has had its implications on society in a very vast manner especially over the last two decades. The disease came to prominence around the year 1987 and since then the number of infections have been on the steady rise. The disease is spread through very many distinct ways. There is the spread of the disease from having many sexual partners, the sharing of sharp objects with a person already infected with the virus and finally yet importantly, there is that of pregnant women transferring the disease to their unborn babies. This paper will be very clear in expressing the issues faced by pregnant women with HIV/AIDS and the various manners through which society observes and treats them. It is important to look at this issue because there is a lot of stigma around concerning these women. The United States views the problem of these women in various perspectives and offers the best that it can through the healthcare syste m to ensure that they receive the amount of care they require. The problems faced by these women are widespread and are all across the world but the different manners through which the healthcare organizations look at them is very important. One of the very important aspects of the issue that the United States health system focuses on is the counseling of these women so that they cannot feel left out or rather feel weird. The women receive treatment in a manner through which they receive the best medical care because there is also the focus on the health condition of the unborn child. The screening of the women is rather imperative for the research of other health issues that may make them weaker. When a person has HIV/AIDS, the white blood cells that are responsible for the guard of the body do not function correctly. It is for this reason that any other health condition is supposed to be given a priority to ensure that the women do not suffer a lot. This was study carried out by t he National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The United States also takes the issue rather seriously from the manner in which medical practitioners offer the required prophylaxis. The government has a major role to play in this because there are many countries that have bills that have the family of the HIV/AIDS infected patient carrying the burden of paying the bills for the medication. The medication is very important as it assists in the healing of Opportunistic Infections. These infections were reported to have killed around 37% of all pregnant HIV/AIDS patients in the United States over the period between 1990 and 2000. The analysis made it very important for the government to bring in a program that ensured that the deaths resulting from these infections reduced (Adams, 2011). The issue of HIV/AIDS is taken in a rather serious manner in the United States from the number of bills that are passed regarding the issue. One of the bills passed ensured that among all the necessary tests taken by pregnant women when being admitted to hospitals, HIV/AIDS becomes one of them (Adams, 2011). The first step taken is immunization that also assists in protecting the unborn child from contracting the disease. The reason as to why the government decided to make a priority while handling pregnant women is from the manner through which parents’

Troubleshooting Evco Insurance Network Essay Example for Free

Troubleshooting Evco Insurance Network Essay The network manager himself not keeping track of the growth of the network , coupled with the return of an unspecified number of computers from storage back into the network, are conditions that would encourage the network congestion currently experienced by Evco Insurance. This is further confirmed by the fact that the worst network congestion occurs where the network has experienced the most expansion in the last six months: the Marketing department. Several causes come to mind, with the presentation of the scenario for Evco Insurance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first cause that comes to mind is in regards to the computers pulled out of storage. It is possible that since the computers were pulled out of storage, the configuration of the TCP/IP settings may have conflicted with newer additions to the network. This would affect the computers within the marketing department, since these particular computers were deployed there, and any other computers that share the same settings. This would explain the some of the causes of the network congestion and the solution would be to correct or reconfigure the settings on the affected computers. This is a basic error, however, and would mostly affect only the individual computers that have conflicting settings and would not be the most probable cause, though it may contribute to the congestion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Related to the first possible cause is the possibility that there are hardware errors that were unchecked when the computers were assigned to the new marketing personnel. A particular concern is the network cards of those computers taken from storage. One such error causes the network card to continuously transmit junk data into the network, flooding the network with unnecessary data and slowing down connectivity; in which case even just one such computer can cause the whole network to slow down. Actual settings of network adapters and switch ports may also have conflicting settings. Both these hardware /settings errors can contribute to the network slowdown in the Marketing department, and both can be located using a combination of actually checking each computer and checking how far along the network a command or ping can travel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another possibility, but not the last possible cause, is the actual physical cable connections of the Network. A 100BASE-TX can have up to 100 meters of twisted copper cable per segment length, which must be rated at least category 5. While it is possible that the network itself has been poorly maintained, and that individual cables within the physical network are causing the error, it   may be more likely that there are problems or errors in the physical connections recently added to the network, since the problem of slow connectivity was experienced after the addition to the network. Ranging from poorly-maintained cables, using the wrong category of cables, or even the correct type of cable connected or the incorrect crimping of the cable can lead to network slowdown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Any of these three, or perhaps none of them, could be the cause for the network slowdown experienced in the Marketing department of Evco Insurance. There could be other reasons for the problem, though these are the three possible causes that immediately came to my mind.

Journal of a Titanic Passenger Essay -- Journal Diary entry titanic Es

Journal of a Titanic Passenger I am writing my first entry aboard this incredible vessel today, primarily because I have been spending the last three days exploring the sections open to my fellow third-class passengers and I. What I have seen is extraordinary, especially when first boarding the ship. The halls and staircases of the first class section were like nothing I had ever seen before in my life. They were blanketed in luxury from end to end. The first class passengers I had managed to see wore their best garments boarding the ship and were conversing with each other about their rich lives back home. I believe I even saw Mr. John Jacob Astor, a man I had heard much about for his contributions to the American fur trade. I had heard that he would be aboard for the maiden voyage of ...

What is inflammation?

This is term that is used to describe a reaction of localized tissues that is irritated, or can be cause because of an injury, infection, redness and swelling. There are several types of disease that cause severe inflammation, one disease that is very bad is Encephalitis this is an inflammation of the brain. This particular condition can happen to anyone at any age, all over the world. If encephalitis develops very rapidly, it can cause serious problems to the nervous system and the brain. If the body produces antibodies to fight the inflammation there’s a chance that they could make a mistake and attack the healthy brain tissue instead of the tissue that is inflamed. If this is not cured it could end up being life threatening. This is just one of many infections that cause by inflammation. How body reacts to inflammation are is by detecting where the exact location the inflammation is. When the body knows where it is it can send out anti bodies to eat the infection that is causing the inflammation. The symptoms of inflammation are it can be red and warm because of a large amount of blood reaching the swollen area. It can be very painful at time especially at the site of infection. There are many way to relief the pain, redness, and swelling is to put ice on it, also some inflammatory ointment can also be used to help reduce the sign of inflammation. Normally the inflammation only last till the infection has been totally healed after that there should no long be any inflammation. Sometimes during the process of the cells healing itself the cells can die of lack of nutrients known necrotic death, another way that the cells can die is from committing suicide by destroying themselves, this is known as Apoptotic death. When our body finds that there is an inflammation our body quickly reposed and kills the intruder. Then once the infection has been killed then the inflammation should go away. There are so many various things that can cause an inflammation in our body.

Essay Social Media And Advertising Essay

Social media plays a significant role in ensuring that advertising is successful. Social media is made up of websites that enable users to create and share content with other users across the internet. In today’s world almost everything that takes place revolves around social media and as a result any new product, business or service being advertised is associated with social media in some way. According to some analysts, social media is â€Å"a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content† (Kaplan, p61). With the world growing to be more technological enhanced it shows that more customers and potential customers are becoming more dependent on social media when pursuing a product or service of interest. Social media is user friendly, allows for sharing of content with a wide audience and makes it possible for relationships to develop among o ther brands. Social media is important in ensuring advertising is successful because it provides a user friendly platform that is compatible with its intended user’s ability to use it easily and successfully. Previously, mainly younger persons were the ones who used social media; however, recently older persons are being more engaged in social media because it is much easier to operate and understand now. Many persons believe that social networks are only for younger people, yet we find that everyday older people are using social media not just to keep up with family and friends but to actually communicate with organizations of interest and to engage with their customers. From an older person’s perspective, â€Å"social media allows them to have their own say and provides them with a warm welcoming feeling that they belong† (Ongeri, 1). This would therefore lead to an increase in the success received from advertising via social media because customers prefer easily accessible and user-friendly platforms; where all the required information is at hand when using the internet in search of a new product or service. Social media also plays a significant role in advertising because it allows the product or service being advertised to be shared with almost anyone who uses the internet, by sharing pages, photos and videos. Facebook is one of the most popular social networks with approximately 1.15 billion users, and this is  just one of many social networks available. Therefore, this information provides a better understanding of the scale of persons who have access to material shared via social media and helps to showcase why almost every organization enforces the use of social media when advertising a product or service. It is also beneficial because every time content is shared with others it introduces the business to a new prospective each time. This basically means that users are enabled to access the material that other users and businesses have posted online, which generates feedback that may cause users to develop different thoughts and opinions towards the business or brand. Since social media is collaborative and pretty much viral it allows the brand to build up authenticity and loyalty among customers and potential customers. This basically means that every different social network used brings a unique perspective to brands, allowing them to communicate with consumers while reinforcing the brand image. By using Facebook, Twitter and Instagram to name a few; each platform is responsible for providing the consumer with a different outlook and better perspective as to how they view the product or service being offered. This would increase the product’s reputation and sales due to the impact that social media has on advertising. Thirdly, social media plays a significant role in advertising because it allows for relationships with other brands across other social media platforms to be developed. Just as social media have transformed the way in which individuals communicate with each other, it has also transformed the way in which businesses communicate and interact with each other. Relationships are developed through good business trades and links across social networks, some businesses may prefer to deal directly with a specific supplier because of the previous experience they have received from them which they would not want to jeopardize. This link goes both ways with producers and suppliers and can lead to special deals and incentives being offered to each other based on the good business relationships that have developed. This can also filter down to the consumers and allow brands to offer incentives to their customers which would strengthen existing relationships and build new ones at the same time .It would prove to be beneficial for the product being advertised because potential customers always look for new exciting deals being offered. Overall advertising via social media is a positive for any business or firm  promoting a product or service, simply because they are more advantages than disadvantages of using social media when advertising. Social media is used to discover, interact and share new ideas across the internet; therefore once implemented these aspects all play vital roles in showing that social media plays a significant role in advertising.

Mamma Mia! A Critique essays

Mamma Mia! A Critique essays Benny Andersson and Bjorn Ulvaeus Mamma Mia! was the first musical that I have ever watched and it was one of the most exciting entertainment that I have ever experienced. Directed by Phyllida Lloyd, Benny Andersson and Bjorn Ulvaeus have integrated their beloved lyrics and music to create a wedding musical about young love and love lost. The musical is set on a tiny Greek island where young Sophie, the bride, has invited three of her mothers (Donna) ex-lovers in order to determine which one of the men is her biological father. It is a simple love story with well-developed characters despite the fact that the real spotlight of this musical is the music and lyrics of ABBA. The Historic Orpheum Theather, a modern proscenium-stage theater, is the perfect venue for this musical. The cool blue tone lighting designed by Howard Harrison brought to live the atmosphere of sitting on a Greek island surrounded by the ocean. The lighting added depth to the musical as it moved the audience from morning to evening and brought the audience closer to the actors on the stage. It was simple lighting which allowed the audience to focus on the words and emotions of the actors. For the encore, the spotlight turned to the audience in order to engage it in joining the cast in singing and dancing to the forever popular Dancing Queen and the musical title, Mama Mia. The set designs centered around the inn that Donna runs and where Sophie wedding would take place. The musical scenes were set in the courtyard of the inn, a bedroom, or on a dock leading out to the Mediterranean. The scenes were simple and the costumes, except for the outrageous girl band outfits that Donna and her former band mates wore in the seventies, were simple. The simplicity of the set and the costumes all went along the theme of showcasing the music of ABBA. Mark Thompson, who was responsible for the produ ...

Conceptual System Design Essay Essay Example

Conceptual System Design Essay Essay Example Conceptual System Design Essay Paper Conceptual System Design Essay Paper During the system analysis. the analysis of system informations is really of import. Analysis of information is made up of more than one degree at the beginning ( first degree ) and different thoughts are used at each degree. At first degree. analyst develops a conceptual system design. Since the conceptual design sets the way for the direction information system ( MIS ) . It is critical that directors participate earnestly and to a great extent at this phase. Conceptual design is sometimes called feasibleness design. gross design or high degree design. The conceptual design stage takes as input. 1. A sharp statement of a direction information demand and 2. A set of direction aims for the MIS In the conceptual design phase that the alternate overall MIS designs are conceived and the best 1 is selected by the system analyst in audience with the top direction. The feasibleness of run intoing the direction aims for the MIS is assessed demoing how the system will work at the high degree is drawn. Therefore. conceptual design is besides known as gross design ; high degree becomes the footing for the elaborate MIS design. Hence. conceptual design is a pre-design for the elaborate design. In fact. conceptual design is the â€Å"centerpiece† of the procedure. Merely after conceptual design is completed. it can be certain that the MIS can successfully be constructed. The conceptual design involves the undermentioned undertakings. 1. Specifying jobs in more inside informations.2. Polishing the direction aims to put system aims.3. Establishing system restraints.4. Determining information demands and their beginnings.5. Developing alternate designs and choice one from these assorted designs.6. Document the conceptual design and fixing the study. 1. Specify the problem- There is no uncertainty that jobs exists in any dynamic concern. The most of import is that what are normally missing are clear definitions of the jobs and the precedence system on the footing of job is the chief solution. Therefore. direction must take the first measure in MIS design by explicating jobs to be solved. The job can be solved by the iterative procedure. The end for the concern leads to the aims of the general concern. From the aims. programs are derived. Each concern aims and concern programs are derived. Each concern aims and concern programs are associated with information demands. These Information demands are the jobs to be solved by the MIS map. The statements of demands are adequate for planing procedure. 1. Stating the information demand.2. Asking inquiries about that demand.3. Proposing reading of that demand.4. Detailing the original statement.5. Reviewing the more elaborate statement of demand with direction. These stairss are repeated until the information demands and the job to be solved are truly understood. The procedure of job polish flows of course into the system aims. 2. Set System Aims Most of the clip it is rather hard to province aims for systems that covers all the functional countries. The director must specify the system objectives in footings of the importance of information demands and non in footings of the satisfaction of demands that are non related to an aim. System analyst tends to emphasize processing efficiency and staff and functional supervisors normally believe that their aim is â€Å"to complete the needed study in clip for direction use† . This position disregards the existent aims of the system design. management’s effectivity. The value of system lies in the benefits of the users. When we ask for the aims. a college principal may answer. † provide quality education† and a authorities administrative official may say† supply more occupations for the unemployed† . Despite its trouble being specific is necessary. System objectives should be expressed in footings of what directors can make after their information demands have been met. In drumhead. the first stairss in systems design attempts to reply the question† what is the intent of the system? † why it is needed? What is it expected to make? Who are the users what are their aims? 3. Establish System Constraints The iterative nature of the systems design procedure is easy understood when we consider the 3rd measure in the process-establishing restraints. It can besides be called as job boundaries or limitations. restraints enable the interior decorator to qualify the conditions under which aims may be attained and to see the restrictions that restricts the design. The two stairss of puting aims and set uping restraints may be considered together as one. Constraints may be viewed as a negative restriction on systems design. there is a positive benefit besides. Establishing restraints will assist to guarantee that the design is realistic. Constraints may be classified as external or internal to the organisation. External Constraints The external environment of the organisation is concerned by the client. Order entry. charge and other systems that interface with the customer’s needs in head. If some end products from the system are non acceptable to the client. a definite restriction must be faced up. The authorities imposes certain limitations on the processing of informations. That may be the demand to keep the security of certain categories of information to follow with jurisprudence and ordinance in the behavior of concern ( e. g. revenue enhancements. describing ) . Unions can besides impact the operations of systems affecting members in working conditions. Suppliers are besides an of import group to be considered when planing information systems because these systems often interface with that group. Internal Constraints If top direction support is non obtained for the systems construct and for the impression that computing machine based information systems are critical for direction planning and control. the type of design attempt can non be implemented. A good environment for information systems must be set. and one indispensable demand is the blessing and support of the top direction. Organizational and policy considerations often set bound on aims and modify an intended attack to design of the system. Company policies often define or limit the attack to systems designs. Forces demands and forces handiness are a major restricting factor in both the design and use of information systems. Computer and systems accomplishments are among the most critical in the state. The most important restraint of all is the one refering the people. Cost is a major resource restriction. The cost to file away the aims should be compared with the benefits to be derived. Self-imposed limitations are these placed on the design by the director or the interior decorator. The director will besides curtail the sum of clip and attempt devoted to probe. To accomplish the aim. the director may hold to scale down several demands to do the system tantrum with other end products. equipments or restraints. 4. Determining Information demands and beginnings For a good system design. a clear statement of information demands is really of import and necessary. Many organisations spend immense sums on hardware and package to keep bing systems or construct sophisticated informations Bankss. without first finding the existent information demands of direction: the information that can increase the ability of directors in critical countries such as jobs. options. chances and programs. The optimal consequences can non be achieved unless directors can supply the specifications for what they want out of an information system. The director needs information for assortment of grounds concerned with the direction procedure. The type of demands at assorted times and assorted intents depends mostly upon two factors. a ) The personal managerial properties of the single director and B ) The organisational environment in which determinations are made. The information beginnings are of import for finding information demands. The system may necessitate external information or the internal. 5. Alternate conceptual designs and choosing one The development of a construct of a system is a originative procedure that involves synthesising cognition into some peculiar form. The construct of an MIS would dwell of the major determination points. forms of information flow. channels of information and functions of directors and rivals. The construct is the study of the constructions or skeleton of the Information System. which ushers and restricts the signifier of the elaborate design. If conceptual design is the skeleton. so elaborate design is the flesh. E. g. two squads of pupils are seeking to make undertaking on the tourer usher and contact information system. One construct produced is a study demoing a item about the peculiar topographic points depicting its civilization. heritages along with the colleges. Hotels and trade. Whereas another squad produces a study of description of colleges along with the description of module and the fee structures on assorted demands. It is obvious that each alternate construct of a system has advantages and disadvantages. Sometimes one construct will rule all others by major standards. 6. Document the best design Sufficient information has been accumulated to get down a more elaborate description of the system construct. This description includes basically a flow chart or other certification of the flow of information through the system. the inputs and the end products. The director should be involved to the extent that the system provides the information required the interior decorator is concerned with the nature of the stuffs and equipment every bit good as with proficient processing considerations. Detailss to be worked out subsequently by the interior decorator will include exact instructions as what informations are to be captured and when. the files are to be used. the inside informations of how processing is to be done. what outputs will be generated by the system etc. Design Methods There are a no. of methods for planing information systems. Following is a brief description of some of the popular methods. Problem Partitioning Structured Design Top-Down Design Problem Partitioning The method is based on the rule of ‘divide and conquer’ . In this method. alternatively of work outing the full job at one time. the job is divided into little manageable parts that can be solved individually. Structured Design In this method. a structured confab is created. which can be used to implement the system. The chart depicts faculties specifying each faculty by the specific map. Assorted tools like flow-charting. informations flow diagrams. construction charts. structured English. etc. are used in a structured design. Top-down Design The top-down design is based on the construct of a system which suggests that a system consists of sub-system. which has sub-system of their ain. In other words. a system may be termed as a hierarchy of sub-systems. the highest degree sub-system matching to the entire system. Detailed System Design As already stated. conceptual design in itself is non the terminal of the design procedure ; instead it serves as a footing for the elaborate MIS design. The public presentation demands specified by the conceptual design become inputs to the elaborate design stages. in which these are farther refined. elaborate and finalized to be called the system specifications. Therefore. the chief aim of the elaborate system design is to fix a bluish print of a system that meets the ends of the conceptual system design demands. Detailed system design involves the undermentioned stages. I. Undertaking Planning and control two. Involves the User three. Specify the Detailed Sub-Systems four. Input/output Design v. Feedback from the User six. Database Design seven. Procedure Design eight. Design Documentation A brief treatment on each of the stages is given below. Undertaking Planing In order to guarantee an effectual and efficient design of the MIS. it is really of import that a elaborate design procedure should in itself be considered a complete undertaking. Therefore. the first measure in the elaborate design is be aftering and commanding. so that criterions may be established and a proper followup is made. Some of the chief points which are of import in planning and control of a elaborate design are given below. Undertaking Planing i. Formulate the undertaking Objectives. two. Specify the undertaking undertaking. three. Fix a web diagram of all events and activities so as to stipulate consecutive and parallel events. four. Schedule the work as per the demands of the user. v. Prepare a budget for the undertaking. Project Control I. Get a feedback of the existent public presentation of the undertaking with regard to clip. cost and work of the undertaking and compare it with agendas. budgets and proficient programs. two. Take disciplinary action where required so as to keep control. Involve the User System interior decorator must inform the users sing the new information system being developed and derive their support and credence. In this stage. users are assured that alterations will profit them or that they will non be at disadvantage because of the new system. It is besides of import to take users in assurance so as to obtain information for the design of the system. This will besides assist pull offing opposition to alter and would guarantee successful execution of the system. Detailed Sub-System Definition In elaborate system design. every system needs to be broken down to determine all activities required and their several inputs and end products. In some of the instances. sub-systems are loosely defined in the conceptual design stage. but at this phase they are specifically defined to work out every item refering the sub-system. Decomposition of the system to operational activities in general is carried out as follows.